由WXY 和 Situ 合作的紐約戶外餐飲樣板設計
WXY and Situ lead design of New York outdoor dining prototypes

由專筑網椰子，小R編譯

當地建筑公司 WXY Architecture 和 Situ 與政府機構合作，為紐約市的戶外餐飲亭制定了標準化格式。其目的是改善健康和安全狀況，同時實施新的指導原則。

在決定將戶外就餐亭作為紐約街頭的永久性固定設施后，紐約市發起了一場公開的設計競賽，目的是規范戶外就餐亭的材料和結構形式，因為這些建筑許多建造于新冠疫情期間，并未經過細致的推敲。

Local studios WXY Architecture and Situ have collaborated with government agencies to create standardised formats for outdoor dining pavilions in New York City to improve health and safety along with new guidelines.
Following a decision to keep outdoor dining pavilions as a permanent fixture on New York streets, the city launched a public competition for studios to standardise the materials and formats of the structures – many of which were hastily built during the Covid-19 pandemic.


▲ WXY 建筑設計公司和 Situ 設計了紐約戶外餐飲亭的樣板間
WXY Architecture and Situ created prototypes for outdoor dining pavilions in New York

這項名為“紐約市戶外就餐”（Dining Out NYC）的計劃更新了新冠疫情高峰期實施的戶外就餐協議。新指南允許路邊建筑在四月至十一月期間提供季節性戶外餐飲，而通常附屬于建筑物的人行道涼亭則可以全年開放。

WXY 建筑設計公司（WXY）和 Situ 受邀啟動一項為期三個月的工作，測試并建造各種形式的標準化涼亭。該團隊與來自多個政府機構的顧問合作，建造符合不同城市條件的路邊涼亭。

Called Dining Out NYC, the program updated the protocols for these structures implemented during the height of the pandemic. The new guidelines allow roadside structures to have seasonal outdoor dining between April and November. Sidewalk pavilions, which are usually attached to buildings, are allowed to stay open year-round.
WXY Architecture (WXY) and Situ were chosen to launch a three-month process to test and construct various formats to standardise the pavilions. Working with consultants from multiple government agencies, the team constructed roadside pavilions that adhered to different urban conditions.


▲ 樣板間考慮到了安全和清潔問題
The prototypes took into account safety and cleanliness

“參與、設計和制造相結合是一種創新�！盬XY 負責人Weisz說。

由該市出資建造的三個空間旨在代表不同但典型的情況。

"We combined engagement, design and fabrication, which is, I think, pretty innovative," WXY principal Claire Weisz told Dezeen.
"The three that got built and funded by the city were supposed to represent some typical but very different conditions."


▲ 對路邊亭的三種不同類型進行了測試
Three different typologies were tested for the roadside pavilions

路邊亭在三個不同的地點進行了測試：角落、中塊和斜坡。這些區域涵蓋了一系列可能的街道條件。

工作室的基本設計包括一個鋼格柵框架，其支腳可將整個結構抬離街道。這些結構還覆蓋有金屬板，易于拆卸和清潔。

餐廳可以通過添加不同類型的覆層和頂篷來定制基礎結構。其結構還具有額外的功能，包括儲藏室和可拆卸地板，以方便進出街道。

Weisz說，“它們的適應性很強�！�

Corner locations, mid-block locations and slopes were the three prototype areas, covering an array of possible street conditions.
The studios' base-line design incorporates a steel-grid frame with feet that lift the whole structure off the street. The structures are also clad in metal panels that are easy to remove and clean.
From here, restaurants can customise the base structures, adding different types of cladding and canopies. The prototypes also featured additional options, such as storage and demountable flooring for easy access to the street.
"In a lot of ways, they're really malleable," said Weisz.


▲ 這些結構由可定制的網格狀金屬底座制成。
The structures consist of a gridded metal base that can be customized

設計團隊在設計時考慮到了與城市環境的互動，特別是與交通流線的互動。亭子建在路邊，原址是路邊停車場�？紤]到汽車事故，這些結構經過了碰撞測試。

Weisz表示，設計的出發點是干凈和安全，同時也考慮到了社區的愿望。設計團隊與社區參與促進者Nikoa Evans合作，確保滿足該市不同社區的需求。

The team designed the structures to interact with the urban environment – especially with the flow of traffic since the pavilions are constructed off the curb and sit in what was previously street parking. The structures were also crash-tested to account for car accidents.
Weisz added that cleanliness and safety were "driving forces" in the design, but that the desires of the community were also taken into account. To this end, the team worked with community engagement facilitator Nikoa Evans to make sure that the needs of various communities in the city were being met.


▲ 餐廳可申請加入該計劃
Restaurants can apply to be part of the program

Weisz希望，標準化設計或新結構將能緩解現有的沖突。

“這是設計與規劃的完美結合�！彼�說，“希望它能緩解你所看到的各種沖突�！�

Weisz 補充說：“你可以用水管把整個建筑沖洗干凈，這一點非常重要�！�

該市目前的許多展館都不符合新的指導原則。不過，Weisz樂觀地認為，新的金屬結構可以與現有的大部分木質展館及其裝飾品進行包覆和裝飾。

她還指出，希望設計團隊能為改造后的亭子的建造提供技術援助。

Weisz hopes that the standardised design or the new structures will help alleviate existing conflicts.
"It's been a great combination of design and planning," she said. "Hopefully, it's going to ameliorate the kinds of conflicts you're seeing,"
"You can hose the whole thing down, which is really important," Weisz added.
Currently many of the existing pavilions in the city do not conform to the new guidelines, but Weisz hopes that these mostly wooden structures and their adornments can be reused to clad and decorate the new, metal structures.
She also noted that she hopes the design team will be able to provide technical assistance to construct revamped pavilions.


▲ 新指南不允許建造全封閉式涼亭
Fully enclosed pavilions will not be allowed under the new guidelines

該團隊創建了一個在線平臺，供餐廳申請許可證、查看示意圖和要求。

根據新指南，全封閉式建筑將不被允許。

去年，創意總監John Tymkiw拍攝了自新冠疫情以來紐約建造的各種戶外餐飲建筑。

The team also worked to develop an online platform, where restaurants can apply for permits as part of the program and view schematics and requirements.
Under the new guidelines, fully enclosed structures will not be allowed.
Last year, creative director John Tymkiw photographed a variety of different outdoor dining structures that were built since the pandemic in New York.









照片由 WXY 和 SITU 提供。

The photography is courtesy of WXY and SITU.